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Title
Quantifying the Cost of Sustainable Water Service in Selected Small Towns in Central Region |
Full text
http://dspace.knust.edu.gh/dspace/handle/123456789/1764 |
Date
2010 |
Author(s)
Kwame Asante, Joseph |
Abstract
A Thesis submitted to Civil Engineering Department Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in 2010.xi, 65p. ill. - Sustainable water service delivery is essential for socio-economic development but sustainability of water systems in the rural water sector in Ghana has received relatively little attention as at any given time about 30% of these systems are not functioning well or broken down. This study is focused on quantifying the cost of delivering sustainable water services in piped water systems under community management. These water systems were among the first batch of community managed piped water systems and represent a mix of technologies covering single towns piped systems, multi-village piped systems; different energy source (national grid, generator, solar); water source (surface or ground water, treatment); and with different levels of water system functionality. Data was collected on Capital Expenditure (CapEx), which is initial capital investment cost of the water systems, Operations and routine maintenance expenditure (OpEx) and Capital Maintenance Expenditure (CapManEx) from 1998 to 2008. Through field investigations and data analysis the factors affecting the cost and functionality of the water systems were identified and discussed. The CapEx per capita for the various systems and the cost drivers for CapEx with respect to water treatment technologies and the size of the system network is also discussed. The study annualized the cost of delivering sustainable water service assuming useful life of water systems of 20 years and inflation rate of 17.6% which provides useful information for planning. The per capita CapEx ranges from Gh 40 -160 reflecting factors such as population of the community (economies of scale) and system technical complexity (single town piped system, multi-village system and water treatment technologies). The annual per capita OpEx ranges from Gh 0.12 to Ghc 1.1 and CapManEx ranges from Gh 0.10 to Gh 5.10. The high CapManEx per person reflects the cost of system rehabilitation due to premature system rehabilitation. The study argues for the use of the cost information in the results for planning and budgeting particularly for capital maintenance expenditure to reduce avoidable pre-mature rehabilitation for sustainable service delivery. |
Type of publication
Thesis |
Repository
Kumasi - Kwame Nkrumah University
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Added to C-A: 2010-08-30;14:19:20 |
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