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Title Defying United Nations sanctions: three reasons for African engagement with North Korea
Full text https://keia.org/publication/defying-united-nations-sanctions-three-reasons-for-african-engagement-with-north-korea/
Date 2022
Author(s) Hoog, T.A. van der
Abstract The United Nations (UN) sanctions against North Korea are weakened by structural evasion techniques and weak enforcement. The African continent is a crucial node in the global illicit networks of North Korea. This paper examines three motives for African states to cooperate with North Korea, with a particular focus on the context of southern Africa: historical affinity (reciprocity), the practical issue of maintenance dependency (necessity), and the presence of weak enforcement regimes (opportunity). Based on a deep reading of UN Panel of Experts reports, academic literature and policy papers, novel archival material, and an interview with a defected North Korean diplomat, this paper argues that solutions to strengthen the sanctions regime can be successful only if they are grounded in African initiatives. - ASC ' Publicaties niet-programma gebonden
Subject(s) North Korea; Southern Africa; United Nations; Sanctions; Cooperation
Language en
Type of publication Research paper; info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper; Text
Format application/pdf
Source On Korea: Academic Paper Series
Rights https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Identifier lucris-id:440502724
Repository Leiden - University of Leiden
Added to C-A: 2023-06-19;10:10:59